Business Proposal for custom shoe store called DECO HEELS Essay

Strategic plan for custom shoe store called DECO HEELS - Essay Example Right now, ladies are thinking that its hard to get shoes of their decision in light of the fact that the greater part of the stores are offering previously structured shoes (Shaw and Onkvisit, 2008). Stylistic layout Heels will have an unparalleled and broad determination of high heel shoes for ladies. The model of the business depends on client determination that will permit clients structure their own high heels under the brand name of Decor Heels. Clients will be required to submit a request and the organization will make a greeting for the structure of their chose high heel shoes (Moisander and Valtonen, 2006). The business points a making an upper hand in the initial a half year of activity through different determination. This will rely upon the company’s supervisory group particularly the promoting group. It is the desire for the business to catch at any rate 20 percent of piece of the overall industry and a gainfulness of more than $100,000 in the initial three years of activity. 1.1 Success Factors There is one primary achievement factor and that is the capacity of the business to improve fulfillment for high heels among ladies. The business will accomplish this by offering a wide determination of shoes as favored by clients. 1.2 Business Objectives The targets of the business depend on the initial three years of activity and include: Establishing a retail location dependent on providing high shoes that will fulfill client needs past desires Capturing 20 percent of the piece of the overall industry for female shoes by the neglected requirement for ladies to structure high heel shoes Establishing a retail business that will develop on its budgetary exhibition 2.0 Business Description Decor Heels is a sole ownership business situated in New York serving the neglected interest for redid high heel female shoes. The business targets upgrading buyer fulfillment by offering the open door for clients to structure their own high heel shoes under our ima ge name Decor Heels. Clients will present their shoe plan and the organization will make accessible the ideal structures inside a time of two days. Fundamentally, Decor Heels will keep close contact with producers and providers to guarantee that the shoes are made accessible at the most limited time conceivable. So as to improve administration conveyance, the organization will set up a sum of ten retail locations at key areas inside New York City and relying upon its presentation; the business will open more outlets in different urban communities inside the initial three years of activity. 3.0 Definition of the market 3.1 Industry Analysis The market for high heels is under the general market for shoes. Stylistic layout Heels is focusing available for high heel shoes which has barely any market players. The market for high heel shoes is ruled by enormous departmental stores with different players including shoe-just stores and little retail locations. Departmental stores predominant ly sell everything with shoes being among their things available to be purchased. They don't put their attention on shoes however the entirety of their items marked down. Shoe-just stores as the name recommends have practical experience in selling shoes as it were. Little retail locations take part in the offer of female shoes and garments (Hill, 2011). 3.2 Market Segmentation The general market for female shoes has two populace fragments including female experts and housewives. Experts are characterized by their obligation of taking a shot at a full-time premise while

Admission essay to the University of Southern California, MBA program Free Essays

string(111) Master in Business Administration to further, create, and improved my obtained information in my school days. As a youngster who tries to be an effective representative, I have numerous fantasies. Dreams that inspire me to endeavor hard so as to arrive at the objectives I am focusing on. It’s allowed to dream and I don’t need that fantasy to be only a fantasy. We will compose a custom exposition test on Affirmation article to the University of Southern California, MBA program or then again any comparative theme just for you Request Now I need it to turn into a reality where I can say that I am satisfied. One of these fantasies is to turn into a fruitful businessperson, similar to those prestigious businessmen that began without any preparation yet ready to become wildly successful because of its experience, skill and information gained from the organizations they are from. Seeing representatives fruitful regardless of the incalculable duties make me cheerful that one day I will resemble them. So as to make this fantasy a reality, I make a huge advance that would change as long as I can remember and that is to turn into a MBA. I have contemplated what Business Administration is and had been presented to various situations where my business abilities are required anyway I despite everything feel that my insight isn't sufficient to make a fruitful business individual sooner rather than later. So I want to take on Master in Business Administration to further, create, and improved my gained information in my school days. You read Confirmation exposition to the University of Southern California, MBA program in classification Affirmation papers I realize it would not be so natural as 1, 2, 3 and it includes a great deal of tolerance and mental fortitude to seek after this vocation anyway I reason in my heart to complete MBA to satisfy my fantasy and be fruitful. Then again, I pick University of Southern California-MBA program since this is the main college that would assist me with satisfying my fantasy. I am picky with respect to the improvement of my instruction. I need the best for myself and the University of Southern California-MBA program is the main college that I accept that has offered the one I am searching for. The University of Southern California is an organization of higher learning in California. It will assist me with turning into a potential businessperson in the coming years. It has various focuses and organizations inside the college direct extraordinary examinations and research. Not just that, it has broad library assets which will help progressively learned and prepared to my ideal calling. Besides, the college doesn't just worry of the students’ scholarly execution yet in addition worry with their connection to the outside world. The college generally includes the understudies in associations and field excursions to enhance the learning their learning. Field trips are sorted out to create understudy enthusiasm for showing units and issues, to assemble data with respect to them, and as coming full circle exercises. The college utilized this strategy to give the understudies direct experience that can't be had in the homeroom. Manu of the objects of examinations can be concentrated best on their normal setting. This strategy utilized by the college gives chances to understudies learning using numerous procedures other than those of perusing and talking. The remarkable model to use in considering the prudence of a field trip is the conceivable commitment of such an excursion to the objectiveness of the course. Affirmation exposition to the University of Penn State (smeal) †MBA program I decide to take a crack at MBA-program since it is simply the sole program where I can see myself. Working together is a great deal of fun and has different difficulties that would test my abilities as a person. Through this sort of profession, my organization aptitudes will be improved on the grounds that I won't be just overseeing the business itself however just as individuals who are included into it.  In reality I recollect one episode route back my youth days. I here and there went about as a specialist by convincing my companion to exchange his toy with my limited quantity of cash. Fortunately, I convinced him in view of my enabling words. Over the long haul, I recently understood that I need to be a representative. Besides, I am slope to work together later on or be utilized in business firms since I am roused and affected by effective specialists, for example, William (Bill) Gates and Donald Trumps that make themselves to the top in spite of the foes they meet en route. So since I need to follow their strides, I would make a point to get ready and prepare myself to confront the universe of business that is the reason I need to be conceded in the MBA program of this college. I expect to concede myself in this college since I solidly accept that this college has such a great amount to offer to its understudies. It is a nonsecretarian, secretly controlled establishment of higher learning. It caters the particular needs of its understudies, give quick determinations and open to various types of exercises that would make the understudies serious and do amazing results. Professors’ encouraging abilities are the other explanation too why I need to be conceded in this college. Sound standards of instructing are detailed deliberately watched realities or impartially which are normal to a progression of comparable encounters, for example, they should be painstakingly recognized from the suspicions of supposed easy chair theory which are made up to a great extent of simply hypothetical standards dependent on experience, reality, examination, or experimentation. Likewise, its educators utilize the standards of lessons that are determined through pooling of the assessments of specialists; through relative investigations of the showing execution; through exploratory investigations of instructing and learning in the study hall. These standards are educated to the understudies to be scholarly and flexible to confront enemies identified with business. Then again, understudies are allowed by this program to do the test strategy for inquire about identified with business which is the most significant in instruction, is utilized principally to test and assess by theory. Its capacity is the assessment points, methodology or strategies, and procedures utilized in educating and learning. In the field of Master in Business Administration program in this college, it is commonly acknowledged that standards are found. Rules that develop out of amassed information on how certain practices influence learning speaks to a stage in relating hypothesis to genuine practice. What's more, the utilization of test strategy by educators of this program has built up a huge collection of deductively archived data pretty much all territories of human development and improvement, particularly in the field of instructing and learning business. It very well may be said that without sufficient formative advancement, methods of educating and learning business can't be embraced. Research in progress continually gives new understandings to complex issues that are engaged with educating and learning. These standards applied by the program intrigue me a ton that would make me want to be one of the understudies of this program. Affirmation paper to the University of California Davis †MBA program  â â â â â â â MBA or Master of Business Administration is everyone’s dream in the event that he graduated in business organization. It is an accomplishment for a person to complete this master’s qualification. I have various reasons why I need to do a MBA. It is fundamentally for my personal development anyway I have five reasons that are on my top rundown. First thing is, I solidly accept that MBA program would permit me to have further investigations that would upgrade my insight and aptitudes identified with the field of my specialization; along these lines, it will get me refreshed to any ongoing buzz identified with this field. Furthermore, MBA offers a ton of chances particularly we are in this cutting edge and serious existence where everybody must has its own edge to adapt the opposition; consequently it is an edge for me on the off chance that I have a MBA. Thirdly, MBA guarantees greatness and prominence business training that prepares people to be serious and perform errands productively. The fourth one is it gives me more chances to be presented to various subjects, for example, financial aspects, global business, showcasing, money and so forth that I don’t learn in my past examinations and I get the opportunity to focus on my picked territory of specialization. The last one would be, MBA doesn't just prepare me scholastically however it would change my points of view in life through the unbending preparing and studies that I will be experiencing. I am looking at University of California, Davis for my MBA as my accomplice in my future business achievement since it is a tenable and respectable college creating quality and serious alumni. The program itself expects understudies to have direct experimentation, perception, contextual investigations, polls and meets, or include serious perusing, shifts realities, and understanding of information to have direct learning related in business. I have discovered that the educators of the University of California Davis taught the significance of experimentation to their understudies particularly in the MBA program. In addition, I consider University of California Davis as a decent counterpart for my learning since it is a college that has such a great amount to provide for its understudies. I emphatically accept that the educators and offices here are well-prepared which can help the necessities of the understudies. One thing that draws in me most in this college is the manner in which the educators show their understudies. This is the college too which has close participation with the network which serves to the working of present day instruction. We as a whole realize that the network needs the school as a positive power for social and monetary improvement. There are numerous issues in the network, for example, those identifying with wellbeing, financial, and social pr

Opera 10.53 Beta (For Linux And FreeBSD) Available for Download

Opera 10.53 Beta (For Linux And FreeBSD) Available for Download Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Opera 10.53 Beta (For Linux And FreeBSD) Available for DownloadUpdated On 20/04/2018Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : OperaShort URL : http://hbb.me/1Gq3hyS CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogOpera Inc. today released the first beta version of Opera 10.53 for Linux and FreeBSD variants. It is also considered to be the fastest and feature rich Linux browser available.Opera 10.53 beta promises a better KDE and Gnome desktop integration. You can now download and try it on your Linux or FreeBSD system.Opera installs more easily than ever on Linux with its own native libraries and the menu bar can be easily reinstated. Faster JS engine and graphics library are some of the notable features of Opera 10.53 Beta.Features of Opera 10.53 Beta For Linux and FreeBSD :Enhanced Private browsing.Widgets can be installed as normal applications.Turbo-charged browsing.Better KDE and Gnome de sktop integration.8 times faster than previous versions.New zoom slider and view controls.Opera 10.53 Beta For Linux and FreeBSD Download HereREADThe History Of Social Networking [INFOGRAPHIC]

SOPA and PIPA To Protest, or to Protect Essay - 1122 Words

In today’s society, internet plays a pivotal role, influencing individuals in all classes, of all ages, and in various financial backgrounds. Because the Net dominates a large portion of the population’s time, many people have become accustomed to its current policies and ease of access to different types of media. So when consumers were threatened with the possibility of change, an enthusiastic reaction occurred worldwide. Internet users today are acclimated to downloading or torrenting music, games, and movies that would normally have a fee, for free, infringing the media’s copyrights in the process. Due to the rapid growth in this illicit activity, legislations such as SOPA, PIPA, and ACTA have been proposed; however they have been met†¦show more content†¦The new legislation also targets foreign companies that sell stolen or counterfeited goods. Those who support the proposed bills include the Motion Picture Association of America, CBS Corporation, NBC Universal, and the music industry. They argue that the internet today is unregulated and that, â€Å"innovation and jobs in content-creating industries are threatened by growing Internet Piracy† (Condon). The claim that the internet is â€Å"unregulated† is false. The information highway is profoundly regulated. The DMCA, mentioned previously is only one of the regulations imposed on the internet which focuses on removing specific, unauthorized content from the internet (Condon). There are also numerous laws and regulations imposed protecting the privacy of the general public, the privacy of minors, and to protect malware and viruses from entering computers through internet usage. While it is true that their corporations lose revenue from pirating, the loss in jobs that would result from enacting bills such as these would be much, much greater. Under the way the internet is currently managed foreign ISPs (Internet Service Providers) pay US ISPs a fee for running their service, resulting in US companies to make a hefty profit from allowing foreign access. Because these laws would decentralize internet serviceShow MoreRelatedSOPA: Censorships Sweetheart Essay1186 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Protect IP Act, or SOPA and PIPA (Wikipedia, â€Å"Stop Online Piracy Act, Protect IP Act†). Soon after Wikipedia, other websites joined in the protest, with Internet search engine giant Google blacking out it’s colorful logo and smaller sites like Reddit and BoingBoing joining Wikipedia and shutting down for a day. Why are these bills so bad? Are they really threatening enough to Wikipedia that it would take down the English speaking version of the website for an entire day? (ABC News, SOPA Blackout:Read MoreIts War in the Cyber-World Essay1733 Words   |  7 Pages The new internet legislation acts, SOPA and PIPA, are creating serious disputes between internet corporations and national authorities. Those acts seem to be hindering global freedom of expression, which goes against the bases of the concept of the cyber-world. The internet has proved to be one of the most revolutionary concept and tool of the century taking communication and sharing of information to a whole new level. From education to arts and politics, people have access to knowledge with littleRead MoreInternet Legislation And The Loss Of American Freedom1853 Words   |  8 Pagesof American Freedom SOPA, PIPA, and CISPA: though different, these bills were all presented with a similar goal in mind. These bills were intended to stop the digital copyright infringement of American intellectual properties, mainly in foreign countries, but the overly vague wording in the bills made it hard to decipher their real intentions (Yu). For a multitude of reasons, these bills were staunchly protested not only by American citizens, but they also received protest from numerous internationalRead MoreA Short Note On The Protect Ip Act1284 Words   |  6 PagesDeniz Soybas Although the PROTECT IP Act may put somewhat of a stop to online piracy, it is quite costly. The act was estimated the cost forty-six million dollars over the 2012-2016 period. This is due to the fact that the act would force new requirements on companies such as Internet service providers, credit card companies, online advertisers, and search engines. The cost of the act created an uncertainty along the Congressional Budget Office. The PROTECT IP Act states that an â€Å"information locationRead More Censorship in America Essays1668 Words   |  7 PagesInternet service provider in the country. The movement of this bill is the Protect IP Act and the Stop Online Piracy Act, or better known as PIPA/SOPA. Some citizens also know this act as the movement of Censorship in America. One of the main supporters of the Protect IP Act and the Stop Online Piracy Act is the entertainment business such as movie and music companies. The motion picture industries believe that the Protect IP Act and the Stop Online Piracy Act should be supported. Motion pictureRead More Freedom: Digital and Literal Essay2505 Words   |  11 Pagespassing the Stop Online Piracy Act, or â€Å"SOPA.† At first glance, it appears to be a reasonable bill aimed to protect the works of artists and copyright holders. The bill, however, could easily create an atmosphere in which any individual may file a complaint and have any site removed, cutting off the site’s revenue, if â€Å"pirated† content is found on the site, regardless of whether or not the site’s owners were the ones that uploaded the file. In effect, â€Å"SOPA kills the safe harbor in the Digital MillenniumRead MoreWhere Is the Balance Between Order and Freedom?1612 Words   |  7 PagesAct (SOPA) and Pr otect IP Act (PIPA). Both of these bills were attempts to restrict online freedoms but eventually failed. The bills would allow the government to force ISPs to restrict its users from accessing certain foreign sites, prevent sites from linking to infringing sites, and cut off funding by prohibiting payment services from being used on infringing sites (Magid). In a sense, the bills would create an internet blacklist. These bills did not pass through congress due to mass protest by peopleRead MoreCensorship Of The World Wide Web1326 Words   |  6 Pagesthan 31,000 times in 2012 alone. Google said that they ended up turning over at least some data in every single case (Quain). However, some have argued that these monitoring isn’t all that bad. Censorship to some extent, as some would argue, is to protect people. For one, certain websites have age limits and this is a type of internet censorship, but most parents would think this type of censorship is good. Another instance is harassment videos on YouTube. U.S authorities have asked Google to takeRead MoreThe Digital Millennium Copyright Act1777 Words   |  8 Pagesclosely intertwined. American media gives coverage to many of these stories but there a lot of bills, acts, laws etc. get no attention. Not only is this lack of information deceptive, but it is also dangerous for internet users. Bills such as SOPA and PIPA from 2011, had they passed, would have drastically changed the way people use the internet. However, in the midst of media silence, an organization called Fight for the Future (FFTF) was founded to combat ignorance by educating the public on howRead MoreP2p File Sharing Of Copyrighted Material1952 Words   |  8 Pagescountries have different jurisdictions regarding intellectual property which throws a big twist in things. Using a VPN is a great way to stay anonymous online. Some companies that offer VPN services don’t even keep logs and go to great lengths to protect the privacy an d anonymity of their clients. The ISP of a person using a VPN cannot see what the person is accessing on the internet and therefore it’s that much harder to track down and prosecute those who are illegally downloading and distributing

Issues and Problems in the Philippine Educational System...

Issues and Problems in the Philippine Educational System: A Challenge Towards the Attainment of Quality Education Our country has gone through many changes and development for the past few years. The continuous process made great impacts in the lives of millions of Filipinos. Relatively, the changes have given us advantages not to mention the disadvantages it brought causing downfall to many people. There are numerous questions concerning the issues and problems existing in the Philippine Educational System as to how we can resolve it the best way we could to attain that kind of quality of education we have been searching and longing for. Where do we begin and how do we respond to such? Public schools are the building blocks of our†¦show more content†¦This gives emphasis on the competence and efficiency of the teachers in his or her academic duties at all times otherwise a teacher who has consistently shows his inability to efficiently perform his duties and responsibilities, within common performance standards should not be allowed to stay in school. Aside from this, teachers n ot only need training in the preparation and development of instructional materials, but they must also be given financial support to produce these. It is also a must for teachers to undergo trainings and seminars to attain professional development; and (b) Evaluate Students: Determine Level of Learning Competencies. This is done by carefully giving and identifying the needs for every subject as prescribed by the school authority. In addition, upgrading the teachers salary scale is also a good way to promote it. Teachers have been underpaid; thus there is very little incentive for most of them to take up advanced trainings. In terms of budgeting, there is a need to amend the current system of budgeting for education across regions, which is based on participation rates and units costs. This clearly favors the more developed regions. There is a need to provide more allocation to lagging regions to narrow the disparity acrossShow MoreRelated2010 Secondary Education Curriculum in Engl ish6955 Words   |  28 PagesRepublic of the Philippines Department of Education Bureau of Secondary Education Curriculum Development Division Pasig City March 26, 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS ii I. II. III. IV. V. Introduction Conceptual Framework in English Concept Matrix Performance Matrix Program and General Standards Three-Stage Curriculum Framework Annexes A. B. The Monitoring and Evaluation of the Implementation of the 2002 Secondary Education Curriculum: Findings and Recommendations Guide Questions for the Review of theRead MoreRBEC and K-124487 Words   |  18 Pageswith instructional content, materials, resources and processes for evaluating the attainment of educational objectives. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curriculum) Curriculum is an important part of education which serves as a guide for an educational institution on how to facilitate the learning process of the students. It is also an integral part of the each educational institution for it specifies the needed educational instructions that the learners needs for their growth and development. CurriculumRead MoreFactors Affecting the Learners’ Achievement in the Alternative Learning System (Als) Programs15448 Words   |  62 PagesTHE LEARNERS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN THE ALTERNATIVE LEARNING SYSTEM (ALS) PROGRAMS A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School St. Peter’s College Iligan City In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in Education Major in Educational Management by AVEMAR TODIO GONZAGA March 2010 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis entitled â€Å"FACTORS AFFECTING THE LEARNERS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN THE ALTERNATIVE LEARNING SYSTEM (ALS) PROGRAMS† prepared and submitted by AVEMAR T.Read MoreFactors Affecting the Career Choice of Senior High School Students9169 Words   |  37 PagesFACULTY OF THE SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES AGRI – BUSINESS AND MARINE AND AQUATIC SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY, MATTI, DIGOS CITY, IN THE FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN EDUCATION (Educational Administration) OCTOBER 2012 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis entitled â€Å"FACTORS AFFECTING CAREER CHOICE OF STUDENTS IN MABAMA† prepared and submitted by DAMIAN II A. ABAYON in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Education, is hereby accepted. ZANDRORead MoreHiv/Aids Summary of Research Study8804 Words   |  36 PagesCHAPTER I THE PROBLEM Introduction Infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) results in destruction of the body’s host defenses and immune system leading to the condition called Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV-AIDS is one of the world’s greatest public health crises. For many years, because of lack of understanding and effective treatment, it is now considered a rapidly progressing fatal disease. HIV infection in humans is considered pandemic by the World HealthRead MoreComparative Study of Education System of Philippines and England9434 Words   |  38 Pagesbiggest problems and focus of government in the Philippines is to find solution of the current problems facing our education today., is the decrease of quality students produced by secondary level thus the Department of Education is planning to implement additional two years of high schooling in order to boost it so that our country can able to produce a globally competitive students like the country of England. H owever, the additional two years in high school and adopting the education system of EnglandRead MorePerformance of Sdssu in the Licensure Examination for Teachers4594 Words   |  19 PagesCHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTINGS Introduction High percentage of LET passers contributes greatly to the accreditation of education programs of a certain college or university. This, aside from adding zest within the vicinity of school academe, is the reason why schools offering education courses crave for high percentage of LET passers (Philippine Journal of Education, 2005). Today, prospective teachers must clear a series of hurdles to obtain and maintain a teaching certificate - one ofRead MoreDiscussion Paper on the Enhanced K+12 Basic Education Program in the Philippines C/O Deped3979 Words   |  16 PagesPAPER ON THE ENHANCED K+12 BASIC EDUCATION PROGRAM DepEd discussion paper 05 October 2010    1    Discussion Paper As of 05 October 2010    DISCUSSION PAPER ON THE ENHANCED K+12 BASIC EDUCATION PROGRAM Table of Contents RATIONALE............................................................................................................... 3 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND .................................................................................. 5 EDUCATION VISION .......................Read Morefactors affecting the english proficiency of fourth year students4201 Words   |  17 PagesIn Philippine education system, high school students with ages ranging from 12 to 17 are expected to have already basic knowledge of English and the four communication skills which will enable them to function satisfactorily in certain English communication situations. The basic goal of high school English is to enhance the students’ knowledge and skills so that they can function effectively in any situation which requires the use of English particularly in a classroom setting that challenges theirRead MoreEconomy of the Philippines7166 Words   |  29 Pagesthe Philippines Kathy Wallace February 19, 2012 Regis University MSM661 Jim Zelenski Abstract The Philippines is one of eight countries that comprise Southeast Asia. A mass of thousands of islands, the country has been struggling to obtain true democracy and freedom for its citizens. After a review of the political history and demographics of the country, an in-depth analysis of the economic condition of the Philippines will be explored. Appendix A contains a map of the Philippines by different

Symptoms and Treatment of Bone Cancer - 792 Words

Overview Cancer has hundreds of different types. One of these types is bone cancer. Like most other types of cancer, if bone cancer is not found and treated, it can kill you. Bone cancer is defined as when you get cancer in your bone’s cells. There are two different types of bone cancer. It can be primary or secondary. Primary bone cancer originates in your bones and has several subtypes. However, secondary bone cancer is when the cancer spreads from other parts of your body (such as your lungs) to your bones. According to the National Cancer Institute (www.cancer.gov), in 2013 there were around 3,010 new cases of bone cancer, and there were around 1,440 deaths from bone cancer. Everyone can get bone cancer, but it’s primarily found in older people. Also, there are several symptoms, but the main symptoms are pain. However, other symptoms can include fractures, swelling, decreased mobility, and many other symptoms. Scientists haven’t yet found the cause of bone cancer. Bon e cancer may be the result of several other issues and diseases. There are several types of treatment for bone cancer. For example, treatments include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. There’s also another type of treatment known as targeted therapy. Of course, these are all just general treatments, and there are more specific types of treatment for the different subtypes of bone cancer. There are some risk cancers for bone cancer. Risk factors are things that increase your chance of gettingShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Treatment Of Bone Cancer903 Words   |  4 PagesWhile there are different types of bone cancers, the symptoms for each are generally about the same with the severity varying with the size and location of the tumor (Upstate Medical University, 2014). The most common symptom is pain, which, in the case of cancers such as osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and Ewing’s sarcoma, may occur in the arms, legs, and knees. The pain may start out as being infreq uent and only occur at night or when the bone is in use. Over time, as the tumor grows, the painRead MoreThe Bare Bones Of Cancer1082 Words   |  5 PagesThe Bare Bones of Cancer A silent killer of today is cancer; there are many different forms of cancer. For each different style of cancer, there are many unanswered questions about cancer, even if most of them are currently unknown to us. Cancer is a debilitating and often fatal disease, but thanks to current medical research, knowing the causes, recognizing the symptoms, and planning the treatments have become much easier. There is not one known direct cause to developing bone cancer. HoweverRead MoreBone Cancer1251 Words   |  6 PagesBone Cancer Bone cancer is a disease that occurs on or inside a bone. Usually, bone cancer involves a tumor filled with abnormal cells that will occasionally appear on the exterior of the bone. Similar to other types of cancer, bone cancer can be life threatening. Doctors are not completely sure what causes cancer, but they continue the search to find an answer. There are five different types of bone cancer that can affect people from ages 10-60 years old. Bone cancer can occur in any bone in theRead MoreThe Treatment Of Bone Cancer Essay1604 Words   |  7 Pagesthe subject of bone cancer because I have had a couple instances of cancer in my family. My father died in his thirties from a rare form of lymphoma when I was eight years old and my maternal grandfather died from leukemia in his eighties when I was twenty-eight years old. The same grandfather had colon cancer in his mid-fifties. This resulted in surgery to remove most of his colon which lead to the use a colostomy bag for the remainin g part of his life. I know that some forms of cancer are caused byRead MoreMedical Treatments For Patients With Advanced Prostate Cancer803 Words   |  4 Pagesyour cancer but can help slow down its growth and relieve symptoms such as pain. Who can have palliative radiotherapy? Palliative radiotherapy is one of the treatments used to slow down the growth of cancer and control symptoms in men with advanced prostate cancer. Advanced prostate cancer is not curable but treatment can keep it under control for months or years. Having advanced prostate cancer means that the cancer has spread from the prostate, to other parts of the body. Prostate cancer can spreadRead MoreExploring The Symptoms, Treatment, Prevention, And Statistics Of Chondrosarcoma And Osteosarcoma1534 Words   |  7 Pages Bone Cancer Exploring the Symptoms, Treatment, Prevention, and Statistics of Chondrosarcoma and Osteosarcoma Alexus Edwards Gabrielle Newton Ms. Knetter - A1 Ronald Wilson Reagan College Preparatory IB High School Bone cancer is an uncommon disease that typically develops in the arm and leg bones (Mayo Clinic, 2015). Every year, there is an estimated 2,970 diagnoses made in the United States between all ages and genders (Cancer.net, 2014). The two most common types are osteosarcomaRead MoreTaking a Look at Osteogenic Sarcoma730 Words   |  3 PagesThis cancer is a bone cancer that attack the bones, especially large bones. This cancer is named osteogenic sarcoma(Osteosarcoma) for medical term (â€Å"Osteosarcoma†, n.d.). Osteosarcoma mostly affects people under 25 years old, and it can affect old people but it is really rare(â€Å"Osteosarcoma: An Introduction.†, 2012). When this cancer attacks, it grows bones, and any type of bone (â€Å"Bone cancer†,2013). This cancer is an ancient disease that we started to recognize in 1805. Most of the symptoms are onRead MoreLeukemia1235 Words   |  5 PagesLeukemia is a type of blood cancer that begins in the bone marrow. Types of leukemia- acute or chronic: Acute leukemia gets worse very fast and may make you feel sick right away. Chronic leukemia gets worse slowly and may not cause symptoms for years. And Lymphocytic or myelogenous: lymphocytic affects the white blood cells called lymphocytes and myelogenous affects the white blood cells called myelocytes. Sign and symptoms: fever/ night sweats, headaches, bruising/bleeding, bone or joint pain, swollenRead MoreThe Work Of Living With A Rare Cancer : Multiple Myeloma1482 Words   |  6 PagesMultiple myeloma (MM) is a rare life-threatening cancer that affects the white blood cells known as plasma cells that are found in the soft, spongy tissue at the center of the bones, called bone marrow. The plasma cells are useful in fighting infections by producing antibodies that recognize and attack germs. The plasma cells are transformed into malignant myeloma cells when there are high levels of M proteins or better known as the production of abnormal antibodies from a result of myeloma cellsRead MoreLeukemia And Its Effects On Cancer Development971 Words   |  4 Pageshave a 58.5% chance of survival in the next 5 years (National Cancer Institute, 2015). Leukemia is a group of cancers that originate from bone marrow and create cancerous blood cells that overcrowd healthy blood cells within th e bone marrow. (National Cancer Institute, 2014). Compared to other types of cancer, leukemia is considered to be relatively rare (National Cancer Institute, 2015). Despite this, leukemia is unlike other cancers due to the fact that there are over a dozen different types of

Qualitative Characteristics of Financial Statements - Free Sample

Question: 1. Describe what you understand by the above statement and explain briefly the qualitative characteristics. 2. Discuss and describe two IASB / AASB accounting standards and the utilisation of the qualitative characteristics to promote decision useful information. 3. Select a company from the Australian Securities Exchange website and download the most recent annual report. With regard to your chosen standards, and in the context of your company annual report, comment on the effect the qualitative characteristics have had on the financial statements. Answer: Introduction The qualitative characteristics of financial statements are quite important. The report has been prepared analysing the various factors such as the qualitative characteristics of financial statements as mentioned in the AASB accounting standards, discussion and description of two IASB / AASB accounting standards i.e. AASB 10 and AASB 138 and the utilisation of the qualitative characteristics to promote decision useful information and lastly the analysis of the financial statements of Origin Energy Ltd for the qualitative characteristics. (1) Qualitative Characteristics of Financial Statements The qualitative characteristics of the financial statements are considered to be important for the effective and efficient decision making for the investors. The essence of the developing the accounting standard is to develop the financial information that can enable the investors and other decision makers outside the company to understand the different aspects of the business and to develop understanding on the competitiveness of the organization. These qualitative characteristics are beneficial for the companies as well, as it is the basis for the companies to take suitable actions. The qualitative characteristics as mentioned in AASB framework for the preparation and presentation of financial statements are ( Beest, Braam Boelens, 2009) Relevance: The financial dealings of the company involve large number of transactions. There is accounting information that is presented to stakeholders internal and external to the business. The key characteristics of the relevant information contained in the financial statements are predictive value and confirmatory value. The predictive and confirmatory value is associated to the ability to accurately predict the earnings capability of the company. Further the relevance of the financial statements can be considered based on completeness. Unless the information provided in the financial statements has complete information it will not be relevant. This is the fundamental characteristic of the financial statements. Reliability: It is the quality that authorizes the users of the financial statements to rely on it with surety. It is regarded as faithful representation and is reasonably free from biasness and errors. The concept of reliability includes the following aspects Identification criteria that is backed by realistic demonstration Material and economic reality as divergent to legal form Impartial or detachment free from partial consideration or deformation of information Carefulness and vigilant guess so that overstatement of assets or revenues or minimization of liabilities or operating cost isnt there No errors, false assumptions or decapitating presentations and materiality is ensured Comparability: The representation of the accounting information in the financial statements should be such that not only assists in the assessment of an entity at a certain point or given period but should also assist in analysing the information from similar but different entities. It helps the users to identify the similarities and the difference of the events and conditions prevailing in two entities but also analyse the performance of the entities under similar condition. This is important from the viewpoint of resource allocation. One of the important aspects of comparability is the consistency. Consistency in employing the accounting practices greatly impacts the comparability as variance in accounting standards that are being employed will have huge impact on the profitability and other figures in the income statement (Hirst, Hopkins Wahlen, 2004). Understandability: It means the ability of the users to understand the information with the viewpoint of decision making. This is the user specific quality as the understanding of the users to comprehend a given set of information will differ. Thus it is important that the financial information is produced in such a way so as to have a reasonable understanding of business and economic activities and develop the willingness to study the information in order to gain financial expertise of reasonable level. It is important that information related to complex matters needs to be presented, if important or material needs to be represented in understandable level without compromising with the quality of information. The complete study of the qualitative characteristics highlight that the IASB conceptual framework, in this respect, does not provide any guideline on how the financial statements need to be prepared but does provide the basis for the preparation of the financial statements. These qualitative characteristics need to be supported by the characteristics such as verifiability and timeliness. These are considered as enhancing qualitative characteristics. Verifiability will provide the basis for ensuring that the information that is provided is correct and the timeliness of the information will ensure timely availability of information which is an important aspect in decision making (Beest, Braam Boelens, 2009). This understanding and the viewpoint for the preparation of the financial statements is quite important and adherence to these aspects will certainly impart quality to the financial statements that will assist in decision making. (2) Utilisation of the qualitative characteristics in AASB Accounting Standard As discussed above the AASB established the standards for the preparation and presentation of financial statements. This was the basis of the other accounting standards that have been developed. AASB 10 for Consolidated Financial Statement and AASB 138 for Intangible Assets are quite important and essential for the development of financial statements. These have been discussed below AASB 10: Consolidated Financial Statements The accounting standard AASB 10 provides the principles for the preparation and presentation of the consolidated financial statements when one or more than one entity is being controlled by one entity. Certain conditions have been established for satisfying the controlling factor. These are (CPA Australia, 2011a) Power over the investee Rights to the variable returns as a result of the involvement with investee Ability to use the power to affect the returns to the investor However there are certain cases wherein there is no need to prepare the consolidated financial statements. These are (BDO, 2013) The parent company itself is the wholly owned or partially owned subsidiary and the other owners do not object to parent not presenting the consolidated financial statement The debt or equity instruments are not traded publicly The parent company of the parent company is producing the consolidated financial statement In case of non-controlling interests in an entity, the same must be shown in the statement of financial position separate from the equity that has been employed. AASB 138: Intangible Assets AASB 138 comprehensively deals with the intangible assets accounting. It replaces general requirements of the accounting standards for revaluation of non-current assets, depreciation, acquisition, revaluation and accounting for goodwill. This accounting standard isnt applicable for financial assets, expenditure on development extraction of oil related resources and Exploration evaluation assets while softwares are included in AASB 138. AASB 138 gives the definition of intangible assets, recognition, measurement and disclosure of intangible assets. Further classification of intangible assets as internally and externally generated. Further treatment of different intangible assets is described with illustrations (CPA Australia, 2011b). According to AASB 138 research cost can be expensed whereas the capitalization is to be done for the development cost. AASB 138 states that measurement of the intangible asset will be based on different consideration for each of the assets as separately acquired, acquired in business combination, assets acquired free of charge, assets acquired in exchange for non-monetary assets and internally generated assets that satisfy the recognition criteria. The two models that have been mentioned for the measurement of intangible assets are cost model and revaluation model (Lightfoot, 2013). Cost model is carried out by reducing the cost by the accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses. The revaluation model considers the fir value i.e. value as per the active market. The companies that are preparing the financial statements based on these regulations clearly highlight all the factors that have been mentioned above provide more clarity and knowledge on how the assets have been utilised. Further employing the fair value accounting in the valuation also ensures that value of the assets is aligned with the market parameters rather on the basis of book value. Further if there is any reduction in the valuation or impairment taking place, it will be included in the financial statements of the company. This would be backed by the performance of the company as the value of the intangible assets and the impairment, as identified above, is directly linked to the performance and the market forces. Overall considering the factors discussed above and inter-relating these factors with the qualitative characteristics clearly shows that these accounting standards do conform by these characteristics. However there may be issue with the understandability due to hig h level of complexity related to the aspects that have been covered by these accounting standards and the applicability of these standards for the assets of the company which are quite important. (3) Financial Statement Analysis: Origin Energy Ltd With respect to the various aspects that have been discussed above the effect the qualitative characteristics have had on the financial statements have been analysed based on the financial statements of Origin Energy Ltd. included in the annual report for the year 2014. Firstly the income statement, balance sheet, cash flow statement and the statement of changes in equity clearly shows the value for the current year and the previous year. This enables the comparability with respect to different aspects such as interest, revenue, profitability, assets, liabilities, equity or any other aspect related to the cash flow. Secondly it has been reviewed that the financial statements include the notes to the financial statements. These notes discuss in detail the various aspects of the financial statements. The notes to the financial statements include separate discussion on each of the aspects. The key features as highlighted from the notes to the financial statement highlights that the company has included each and every aspect in the notes to the financial statements and complete detail on each and every aspect has been provided. For example the detailed discussion on aspects such as amortization, impairment or depreciation has been provided in much detail and thus assisting investors in understanding the level of impact on the performance. One of the most important and considerable factor that is to be considered is that the financial statement includes the statement for reconciliation of profit after income tax to net cash inflow/(outflow) from operating activities. This is quite useful in understanding the performance of the company. This highlights what are the aspects that impacted the cash flow and the liquidity in the company. Apart from these factors the annual report contains the message from the chairman and other high level management and their perspective on the performance of the company. Further the financial review, objectives from the coming year and the risks associated with the business have been identified. It enables the users of the financial statements to correlate these factors with the current years performance and the future profitability and the business environment. The annual report of the company also includes the sustainable report on the environment, land, employment and community specifying the key aspects and the strategy of the company in these aspects. Overall the above discussion with respect to the qualitative characteristics of the financial statements of the Origin Energy Ltd shows that company has ensured that the aspects related to the accounting standard for ensuring these characteristics in the financial statements is there. This has been done in quite detail which is very useful for the investors. For example the segment report seems to be quite inadequate and may require further detail on such aspects. Lastly considering the regulations that have been discussed above i.e. AASB 10 AASB 138 have been considered and information has been provided accordingly. The company has provided the complete details on the non-controlling interest that is there in the subsidiaries. The above discussion clearly highlights the company need to ensure that the company has prepared detailed financial statement with due consideration to the different accounting standards. References CPA Australia. (2011a). International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS): IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements. Available At: CPA Australia. (2011b). International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS): IAS 38 Intangible Assets. Available At: Lightfoot, S. (2013). Research into the accounting for intangible assets. Available At: BDO. (2013). Will the new consolidation and joint arrangements standards change your financial statements? Available At: Beest, F.V., Braam, G. Boelens, S. (2009). Quality of Financial Reporting: measuring qualitative characteristics. Hirst, D., Hopkins, P. Wahlen, J. (2004). Fair Values, Income Measurement, and Bank Analysts Risk and Valuation Judgments. The Accounting Review, 79(2), 453-472.

Frankenstein Analysis Essays - Frankenstein, Freak Out, Blind Man

Frankenstein camps out by a house in the woods, and watches a quaint little DeLacey family as a boy teaches a girl how to read and write properly. He chills in his little hide out next to their house for a very long time, and learns how to speak. He learns how to read, and he learns how to write. Most importantly, he learns how to be proper in society (relatively speaking). The DeLacey family was an incredible influence on him, and he learned many valuable things from them. Their existence is essentially portrayed in an entirely different dimension than the Monster?s. They are normal, happy, good looking people living their lives, while he, an unintelligent and hideous being, sits outside and watches. This is why he was drawn to them. He wants to be normal. He wants to be more like them. So he stays and learns everything that he can. He helps the DeLacy family in some ways as well, however. He talks to the blind man, who thinks he is a normal person and does not cower in fear. But wh en the other family members see him they at first freak out like all the rest. This teaches them that it isn?t a good thing to judge people by how they look on the outside.

Essay Sample on the Role of Black Citizens in Elections

Essay Sample on the Role of Black Citizens in Elections Blacks or African Americans have gone a long way since the slave trading days, pre-civil war. They have successfully re-invented themselves into productive and rightful citizens of the United States. They were given right to vote and the Blacks history against Republican candidates became a tool that Democrats took advantage of in balancing the political power, by using Black votes, which composed a whooping 15% of the voting populace, against the Republicans. As stated by Walters, Black presence has often been decisive in determining the outcome of presidential elections (Walters, 1). However, even though Blacks were given such freedom to exercise their voting prowess, they are still considered a minority and don’t hold any important representations. They are merely used as tools, a strategic ploy by the Democrats to attract more votes and win more points through the support of the Black citizens over their rivals, the conservative Republicans. The cost of social (permanent racial minority) status based upon an imperfect social contract for Blacks is that rarely has it been possible to participate in crucial decisions such as the selection of national leadership in a manner which reflects the interests of Black (interests defined here as both racial preference and race-related issue preference) through what is called sincere or straightforward voting (Walters, 3). In addition, racism still plays an important role in determining whether American citizens are ready to accept a Black President. This matter can be traced back to the pre-civil war roots and although Blacks were given freedom, they are not yet free enough to take over or make a crucial point in US Presidential Elections. If you need custom essays, research papers, thesis papers, dissertations or term papers on Politics or other discipline feel free to contact our professional custom writing service.

Healing and Spirituality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Healing and Spirituality - Essay Example Conversely, some patients may be cured but they may not feel healed, for instance a breast cancer patient may still find herself grieving about her situation despite going into remission. The main aim of healing hospitals is to enhance harmony of a patient’s mind, body and spirit (Marberry, 2006).. With this in mind it is necessary to create an environment that reduces the patient’s anxiety, stress and which can positively impact on the patient’s health and steer him or her towards recovery. The concept of healing the healing hospital is based on three main components namely; the physical environment, the integration of technology and work design and a caring and loving culture. The physical environment refers to the patient’s general surrounding in the cause of the illness. This includes the people around the patient and the nature of the room. A good physical environment is one that makes the patient comfortable and less anxious. ). A noisy and confused environment increases the patient’s anxiety, heart rate and blood pressure which slow down the healing process. A renowned medical scholar, Florence Nightingale, suggested that the best environment that supports healing is on e that is quite and allows the patient access to natural lighting and fresh air. The other component of healing hospital is the integration of technology and work design. This entails medical stuff and physicians employing the most advanced technology to facilitate the patients’ healing process (Marberry S. 2006). The latest technology available can be easily be integrated with the working design of the hospital to enable staff and physicians to identify the best ways possible to make the patient comfortable. The last and most critical element of hospital healing is the hospital’s culture. This entails the organization adopting a philosophy that revolves around a caring and loving culture. It involves how the medical staffs treat and relate with patients and their families or their care takers. A strong compassionate culture facilitates healing through a holistic approach which seeks to address the patient’s physical, emotional and spiritual feeling. Since healing is a holistic approach aimed at creating harmony between one’s mind, body and spirit, spirituality is a very important element in the healing process (Marberry S. 2006). In instances where physicians may have different religious practices and beliefs, they should not let their personal bias affect the way they perceive their patient’s spirituality. Spirituality and healing are closely intertwined. It is very important for health care providers in healing hospital to consider their patient’s spirituality and religious beliefs in order to promote a good healing environment. When patients are allowed to practice their spiritual beliefs, they will feel more comfortable with their treatment and hence move faster toward healing. Questio n 2; Challenges of creating a healing environment Despite it being necessary for health care providers to create a good healing environment, there are various challenges that make this a difficult task. One of the biggest challenges in this aspect is finance. Creating an environment conducive for healing requires huge financial investment which most health organizations lack. Enabling a good

The global financial crisis-Brand management Essay

The global financial crisis-Brand management - Essay Example One strategy that the companies can use to maintain the unique value of their brands during global financial crisis is by engaging the customers as during these economic downturns excellent opportunities for innovation are provided (Roll, pp6). Customers cut down on consumption during financial crises, thus brands can initiate measures that take off their minds from the difficulties of consumption and focus them on the worthy features of the brand and co-create value with them. This strategy also helps minimize loses and more importantly, it successfully protects the companies brand image and brand equity. Singapore Airlines is a company that perfectly used this strategy to maintain the value of its unique brand. During the deadly SARS breakout in South East Asia when customers were afraid of flying, Singapore Airlines offered its customers very innovative vacation packages that encouraged customers to travel thus maintaining their status (Roll, pp7). Creating exciting customer interactions through activities such as product bundling to enhance value and promotions with creative alliances such as celebrities and travelling can also be used to maintain the unique value of a brand during such situations. This strategy takes off the focus of the customers on price and reiterates the commitment of the brand to engage and value customer support (Gelder, p102) Although this paper has discussed two strategies to be used during such situations, there are other strategies that are equally viable. Financial upheavals negatively impact the trust of customers on a brand. Therefore, during such situations it is the responsibility of the companies to devise new strategies that can maintain the trust of their customers on their brands. Brand differentiation is a very important strategy in today’s competitive market where new products are coming in everyday. In

Policies for the Promotion of Child Rights

Policies for the Promotion of Child Rights IDENTIFY ONE PIECE OF LEGISLATION, WHICH PROMOTES THE CHILDRENS RIGHTS IN YOUR SETTING One piece of legislation that promotes the childrens rights in my setting is the Data Protection Act 1998. This legislation gives everyone the right to know what information is held about them and it provides a framework to ensure that personal information is handled properly. One of its purposes is to safeguard the fundamental rights of individuals. The Act works in two ways, firstly it states that anyone who processes personal information must follow the eight principles below to make sure that the personal information is: Fairly and lawfully processed Processed for limited purposes Adequate, relevant and not excessive Accurate and up to date Not kept for longer than is necessary Processed in line with your rights Secure Not transferred to other countries without adequate protection Secondly, the Act provides everyone with important rights; these include the right to find out what personal information is held about them on computers and most paper records. It also gives the individual the right to complain if they are denied access to their personal information or feel that their information has not be handled according to the eight principles I have stated above. The Data Protection Act 1998 affects the way I run my setting. I have to ensure that: Any personal information I have is kept confidential and stored in a locked filing cabinet and I only can access it. I am careful when discussing with parents anything confidential that no-one is around to overhear our conversation, including in person or on the telephone All personal information I hold is relevant to my setting and is kept up to date I do not keep any information longer than necessary No data that I hold can be used or passed onto other parties without written consent from the parent Parents have the right to request access to my records at any time, but they can only see the information held about themselves and their children My confidentiality policy covers the above please see Appendix 1 Every organisation that processes personal information must notify the Information Commissioners Office (ICO) unless they are exempt; failure to notify is a criminal offence. I am exempt because no personal information I keep is stored on a computer. The only information I store on the computer is my accounts. If you had to notify they have now made changes to the notification fee structure that came into effect on 1st October 2009, it is now a tiered fee structure to reflect the costs of the ICO regulating data controllers of different sizes. DESCRIBE THE ROLE OF PRACTITIONER IN MEETING THE INDIVIDUAL NEEDS OF ALL CHILDREN It is important that the practitioner meets the individual needs of all the children. To do this the practitioner first needs to know what the childrens individual needs are and this can be found out by talking to the parents and getting them to fill in My Special Book, any observations that you carry out, any other professionals involved with the child and liaising with any other settings that the child attends. If the child is old enough they may also be able to tell you. It is important to speak to the parents regularly and keep updated in any changes to the childrens interests and needs or home life. The ways that I use are: Email an effective way to send a quick message, but some parents may not have access to a computer. Newsletters can be a great way to keep parents informed of some of the activities the children have been doing; events and festivals planned; holiday dates and any other information the practitioner wants to tell the parents. Letters to the Parents if there are things you need to inform them of privately a letter would be best. In addition, the parents may have a hearing impairment and may not be able to use another form of communication. Telephone conversation this is best done at the end of the day when the practitioner and the parents have uninterrupted time to discuss things. You will need to make sure who can overhear the conversation so that you can maintain confidentiality. Face-to-Face you can arrange a meeting on neutral territory to discuss any concerns but again you need to maintain confidentiality and make sure you are not overheard. Daily diary keeping the parents informed of the activities the child has done during the day, along with sleep times, healthy food, snacks and drinks, nappy changes and any other information the parents need to know. The parents can also add anything to the diary that has happened at home that you need to know e.g. any accidents, broken nights sleep, teething, whether they have had breakfast etc. Text the quickest way to communicate, it can also be invaluable to someone with a hearing impairment. Most people nowadays have a mobile phone. It is also important to find out and respect the views of all the children to make them feel valued and not ignored this in turn promotes their self-esteem. I talk to the children about what interests them and what they think of things. We often play games that allow the children to air their views and opinions and I use this knowledge to enhance their learning and development. To be able to meet all the childrens needs you first need to understand what their rights are. There is a lot of legislation that promotes children rights but quite simply every child has a right to have their basic needs met for food, warmth and hygiene, but you also need to provide a nurturing environment where the children can rest, play and develop to their full potential. Maslows Hierarchy of needs is one of the best-known descriptions of needs. It identifies five basic needs and shows how higher needs are not considered until the lower level needs have been met. Self-actualisation (Achieving individual potential) Esteem (Self-esteem and esteem from others) Belonging (Love, affection, being a part of groups) Safety (Shelter, removal from danger) Physiological (Health, food, sleep) Diagram copied from Maslows Hierarchy at Changingminds.org It is important to know the difference between a want and a need. A Need is something that we cannot do without, like sleep, food and love. A Want is something that is desired at the time but is not essential and we can in fact do without. To make sure I meet all the childrens individual needs I take into consideration the ages of the children, their stage of development and abilities and whether they need to sleep or have quiet time when planning my daily routine, I make sure that I incorporate all their needs into my daily routine. The children need a daily routine to help them feel secure and they get to know what is happening next and this promotes their development. I adapt my routines depending on which children I have in the setting at the time. It is important that all the children are given a choice as much as possible, because this will help them as they grow and they need to be independent and make decisions for themselves. I give children a choice of snacks, they can choose from milk or water to drink and they can also decide for themselves what they would like to play with and with whom. It is my professional responsibility to: Safeguard and promote the welfare of all the children Make sure that people they come into contact with are suitable Ensure I have safe and suitable premises, environment and equipment Organise my setting so that every child receives an enjoyable and challenging learning and development experience that is tailored to their individual needs Maintain records, policies and procedures to ensure safe and efficient management of my setting and to meet the needs of the children Practice Guidance for the Early Years Foundation Stage (2007, pg 6) states, Practitioners should deliver personalised learning, development and care to help children to get the best possible start in life. DISCUSS HOW YOUR DAILY ROUTINES SUPPORT CHILDRENS WELL BEING I have a basic daily routine that includes school runs, child-initiated play, adult-led activities, sleep/quiet time, snack and meal times and home time. The children begin to learn the structure of the day and what comes next. The times of the routine is never set in stone and it allows us to experience spontaneous events like playing in the snow, or taking your lunch to the park on a nice sunny day. For example for snack time the children know that after the mornings child-initiated play we have snacks and they help to clear the table and lay out the plates and cups, which are kept in a low cupboard which the children can easily access independently and this promotes their self-esteem and confidence to help and do things for themselves and others. They know that they are to wash their hands before eating and I have a stool so they can reach the sink which enables their independence and they all sit at the table waiting for the snacks. They have a choice of drink milk or water and they can choose what they want to eat from the choice of snacks on the table. There is always a selection of seasonal fruit, a carbohydrate toast, crumpet or muffin and dairy hard or soft cheese. Allowing the children choice enables them to start the process of thinking for themselves and this gives them a skill that they will need in life. I also need to consider individual children cultures and religions when providing food as some food is not allowed. We also try and incorporate food from around the world and learn about the food from different countries. Snack time is also a social time where we all sit together including myself. We talk about anything and everything, they tell me about things at home or school, where they are going on holiday, what there siblings have been doing, their favourite toys etc. It is a great time to learn more about them and I can use this information to inform my planning according to their current interests. Afterwards the children help to tidy up and clear the table. School drop off and collection times are also very social times. We talk as we walk to school; we often play games like eye spy, count how many red cars we see and look out for various different items along the way to use in our craft work. It is a time when the children learn about their environment and the world we live in. We also talk about stranger danger; how to cross the road safely and why we must all walk together and not run off. Because we carry out the same basic routine everyday the children feel safe and secure in my setting and know what happens next. A good routine develops their self-esteem and promotes independence, allows them to learn about their health by knowing when they have to wash their hands and allows the children to socialise and make healthy choices. The Importance of Routines Helping Children grow, feel secure and flourish states, Children need and crave routine. Routine helps establish security and peace in a childs life. DISCUSS HOW YOUR DAILY ROUTINES COULD MEET THE DEVELOPMENTAL NEEDS OF PRE-SCHOOL AND SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN IN YOUR HOME BASED SETTING My daily routines meet the developmental needs of all the children in my care because I adapt depending on the age and stage of development of the children in attendance each day. The school-aged children are not here for morning snacks but we have snacks when we return from the afternoon school run. The older children know that when we get home to wash their hands and they help to set the table, the younger children see what the older children do and try to copy them. As I said before all the children plates, cups and cutlery are kept in a low cupboard which the children can easily access independently. The older children enjoy showing the younger ones what needs to be done to prepare for snacks and the older children gain self-esteem and self-confidence is being able to do things independtly for themselves and others. The younger children like to learn from the older children and this boots their self-confidence is learning to helkp others. Snack time is a time where we all talk about our day and share what we have been doing and what we enjoyed or disliked. School drop off and collection time can be a time of learning, as I said above we play different kinds of games. We also collect leaves and other items to use in our creative work later eg leaves, sticks, do some bark rubbings. We often include a trip to the playground on the way home from school, the younger children benefit from getting fresh air and observing from the comfort of the pushchair and watching the older children. The older children benefit from having the opportunity to run around in a great big space and practice their gross motor skills on the large play equipment. DISCUSS HOW YOU PROMOTE CHILDRENS SAFETY Promoting childrens safety is paramount. I ensure the childrens safety by providing a secure and welcoming environment and I take proper precautions to prevent accidents by carrying out daily risk assessments of my home and garden and any outings that we may go on. I also comply with my Local Safeguarding Children Boards procedures to ensure the safety and welfare of the children in my care. I have a thorough knowledge and understanding of the signs of possible abuse and neglect. Please see my Safeguarding Children Policy (Appendix ) and my Health and Safety Policy (Appendix ). I hold a current Early Years First Aid for Children and Adults certificate and Emergency Life Support for Adults certificate and have completed Safeguarding Children and Health, Hygiene and Safety Awareness training courses. I ensure that I am up to date with my knowledge by attending regular training throughout the year. I also have house rules, which the children know and follow these include taking off their shoes when indoors, sitting at the table or in a highchair to eat and drink, respecting the furniture, toys and each other. The rules are basic but are there to protect the children. The house rules are displayed at all times in pictures and words for the children to refer to. I make sure that all equipment and resources I provide are age and stage appropriate and that they are safe and clean. They are checked daily before and after use. Children are also taught how to safely use the equipment eg how to hold and use scissors. I use activities to help the children to learn about safety and we talk about how accidents can happen and how to prevent them. If an accident does happen I keep full records including details of the child/children involved, the treatment I provide and parents are given a carbon copy of this information, they also sign to confirm they have been told what happened. My premises are secure at all times: the front door is kept locked and the key is kept on a high shelf so only the adults can reach it. My back garden has a 6ft fence on three sides with no gate. The children are only collected by authorised adults or if it is necessary for someone else to collect them we use a password provided by the parents and they notify me in advance if this is going to happen. All the children are taught about road safety according to their age and developmental stage. With the older children, we talk about stranger danger and how they can keep themselves safe from people they do not know. The children know what to do if there is a fire by regularly practising fire drills and they know why it is important to follow what they have learnt. Please see my Emergency Evacuation Procedure (Appendix ) The children know to tidy up their toys to keep the playroom safe and free from hazards and we do this in a fun way so to maintain the childrens interest and their continued participation in learning to how to keep safe. I check the identify of visitors and keep accurate records of when and why visitors are here and I also record when my two assistants are on the premises. Myself and my assistants (Husband and Mother) have all had enhanced CRB checks, ensuring our suitability to look after the Children. The Children feel safe whilst they are in my care because they know that I will listen to any concerns they may have and respond to them appropriately. The parents know that I operate clear child safety procedures and they have copies of all my policies and permission forms. I make sure that I am a good role model for the Children at all times and I provide a good balance in promoting childrens freedom to explore and play whilst learning and developing and ensuring that they are safe. Children need to have the opportunity to take risks and to make mistakes but within safe limits, that way they learn to be alert to potential danger and how to keep themselves safe. Ofsted Early Years Safe and Sound (2006, pg 9) states, Children should have the freedom to make discoveries and enjoy experiences within safe limits, while learning how to protect themselves from harm. IDENTIFY STRATEGIES FOR COMMUNICATING WITH CHILDREN There are many ways that you can communicate with children but it is important to remember that children are still learning and developing so you need to communicate with them on their own level according to their age and interests. It is imperative to use vocabulary that the children understand eg they may not understand uncomfortable but may know what you mean when you say feeling funny. You also need to use a calm tone and body language that will not send mixed messages. You also need to be aware of children whose mother tongue is not English and that they will find it harder to communicate in English to begin with. Some children may have speech impairment or learning difficulties and this will make it harder for them to communicate effectively. It is also important to be patient and give the children time to respond to your questions. Communicating Effectively with Children states, By paying attention to and communicating regularly with children, you can help children create a vi ew of themselves and the world that is positive and healthy. Use the Childs name first this will get their attention and they are more likely to listen to you. Eye contact shows respect and allows you to gauge how much of the conservation is being understood. Calm tone children are sensitive to anger and do not like raised voices because they can focus solely on the fact that your voice is raised and they may be in trouble, rather than what you are saying. Thumbs up is a simple and easy way of showing approval. Body language avoid all confusion and communicate your message consistently through both words and actions, be aware that different cultures use and interpret body language in different ways. Listening and showing an interest a very important part of communication because if you do not listen and appear interested then it is just a one-way conversation and the child will not feel valued. Non-verbal communication Be aware that some children do not communicate verbally, and that it is important to adapt styles of communication to their needs and abilities eg sign language, lip reading etc. Questioning use open-ended questions to check understanding and acknowledge that they have heard what is being said. Speak slowly and clearly the child may have a hearing impairment and will need you to speak slowly and clearly, so they can understand you, also be aware of the level of background noise. Painting This may seem a strange way but children can communicate their feelings through creativity and may talk to you whilst they are painting without thinking about it. Picture books I am in the process of taking pictures of all my resources and making books that the children can look through and decide what activities they want to do. This is a great way to communicate their needs without being able to speak. Picture cards Can be used for asking children basic things like milk or water to drink. If you have children who use English as a second language then you can make/use picture cards to ask them things in their own language but also have the English word along with the picture and their mother language so they learn new words as they progress. DISCUSS ONE FACTOR THAT AFFECTS CHILDRENS BEHAVIOUR There are many factors that can affect childrens behaviour but I am going to focus on divorce. Any change in a Childs home life will have an effect on their behaviour but when one parent moves out it can be distressing for the child, as they may not know what has happened or when they will see that parent again. It is important for us as practitioners to listen to any concerns that the child has and respond to them according to their age and stage of development. You need to find a way to help them understand appropriate to their level of understanding. A pre-school child may show regressive behaviour. This means that the child may return to an earlier stage of development and, for example, start to wet themselves again. A pre-school child may become confused, irritable or worried. Children between six and nine are very vulnerable. At this age, a child is still not mature enough to understand what is going on, but is old enough to understand that something very unpleasant is taking place. They still depend very much on their parents and will have a hard time talking about their emotions. They may react with anger, or by not concentrating or making progress at school or by having learning difficulties. Children between 9 and 13 may have started having important relationships with other people besides their parents and family. When their parents divorce, it will often be good for a child to talk to someone outside the family about their problems and feelings. All Children can become very insecure. Insecurity can cause children to behave as if they are much younger and therefore bedwetting, clinginess, nightmares, worries or disobedience can all occur. This behaviour often happens before or after visits to the parent who is living apart from the family. Teenagers may show their distress by misbehaving or withdrawing into themselves. They may find it difficult to concentrate at school. It is normal for a child to feel lost, upset, angry and grieve for the family they once were. A child who does not show any feelings or reactions needs help to express what is going on inside. Otherwise, they are very likely to suffer depression and other problems later. Helping Children adjust to Divorce states, Children whose parents divorce are at greater risk for problems such as aggression, depression, lower self-esteem and poorer school performance. Children can express themselves in other ways than with words. Play is very important. You can play with the child and let them act out their feelings using role-play and puppets. Children may need to work off tension through energetic games; you can spend some time at the park or go to an indoor play centre. Drawing may help some children as they often draw things that are important to them. You can ask about the drawings and this can be a good way to start the child talking about what is going on inside, especially if they are not the type of child to talk openly. The child still needs to have established routines in their lives and whilst things are changing at home you can continue with your normal routine and this will give the child some stability and comfort during all the other changes, they feel more safe and secure when they know what to expect next. DESCRIBE STRATEGIES FOR CHALLENGING PREJUDICE AND DISCRIMINATION WHEN WORKING WITH CHILDREN AND FAMILIES I operate an inclusive Childminding setting, where all children are welcome regardless of their race, religion, culture, sex, ability or disability, social background etc. I encourage the children to value everyone as a unique individual, to respect each others differences, and to learn from each other. Centre for Studies on Inclusive Education states, inclusion is founded upon a moral position which values and respects every individual and which welcomes diversity as a rich learning resource. I always challenge any instances of prejudice, unfair discrimination and harassment whether it is a comment a child has made or a parent. I will explain to the child or parent why what they have said is wrong and how their words have hurt another person. I make sure that I am a good role model for the children. Please see my Equal Opportunities Policy (Appendix ). I have toys and resources that show different cultures from around the world and people with different types of disabilities/impairments. We also recognize different festivals and religious occasions from a variety of religions worldwide to give the children a greater understanding of the World around them. I invite the parents to come and take part in story/singing time to enable the children to hear different languages, and stories from around the World. For example, if a Child called another person four-eyes because they wear glasses, I would explain to the Child how they have hurt that persons feelings and that they have to wear glasses because they help then to see as their eyes dont work as well as their eyes. I would also ask the Child how they would feel if someone had called them names. I would encourage the Child to say sorry (depending on their age and level of understanding). Another example is a child is a wheelchair and another child telling them that they cant join in and play with them at the sand and water table because they are in a wheelchair. I would explain to the child that yes they can join in we just need to adapt the position of the tray so that the wheelchair can fit around it and everyone can enjoy the same activity. If I have any children with additional needs in my setting I always talk to all the children about their impairments or disabilities (using the correct medical name) as it provides me with an opportunity to teach basic information about our bodies, health and possible illnesses. It also helps to get rid of any fears about disabilities and helps to influence childrens attitudes in a positive way. I make sure that I am a positive role model for the children and I update my knowledge regularly. I have just completed deaf awareness training and I am booked on other awareness courses. EXPLAIN HOW TO IMPLEMENT CHILDRENS RIGHTS IN THE HOME BASED SETTING I have explained in E2 my role in meeting the individual needs of the children and now I will explain how I implement the childrens rights in my setting. I make sure that I keep my knowledge of childrens rights updated through regular training courses and research through the library or internet. Childrens rights are about the obligations of all adults to protect the best interests of children, and to create the conditions under which they can develop and thrive. Childrens rights are embedded in my policies and I offer resources and activities to ensure that the children can learn about their rights for example we have an activity on diversity where the children look at pictures of children from around the world and we discuss our similarities and our differences and what they would like. Please see my Diversity Activity Planning sheet (Appendix ) I have used some of the Articles of the United Nations Convention on Rights of the Child to show how I implement childrens rights into my setting: Article 1 Everyone under 18 has these rights I ensure that all children in my setting know what their rights are. I use age appropriate resources such as games that we play, books that we read and just talking to each other. Article 2 You have the right to protection against discrimination All children are treated with equal concern and learn to treat each other with respect through the activities I provide eg. Learning about each others differences in a positive way, respecting each others cultures. Article 3 Adults should do whats best for you Everything that I do in my setting is always in the best interests of the child. I always take into consideration their views, feelings and rights when carrying out day to day activities. Article 7 You have the right to have a name and a nationality On the wall in the playroom we have pictures of everyone that attends the setting with their name underneath, so that we can easily learn each others names. We learn about each others nationality through stories and visits to the library and in the food we eat. Article 11 You should not be kidnapped I make sure that all the children are safe and secure in my care whether we are at home or out and about. The children know to stay close to me and not run off or talk to strangers. I never release a child into the care of someone that I dont know unless a parent has authorized it in times of emergency and we always use a password system. Article 12 You have the right to an opinion and for it to be listened to and taken seriously The children know that I will always listen to their opionions and take them seriously. We always discuss as a group and listen to each other. Article 19 You have the right to be protected from being hurt or badly treated I know the signs and symptoms of abuse and what to do if I am concerened about one of the children. The children know that they can talk to me about anything at anytime. Article 23 If you are disabled, either mentally or physically, you have the right to special care and education I run an inclusive setting and the children in my care am treated with equal concern with individual needs regardless of any disablilites. It is important to treat each child as an individual and not label them by their impairment or condition. Article 24 You have the right to the best health possible and to medical care and information I provide home cooked healthy meals and snacks to all children, including healthy drinks (milk and water). If I feel a child needs medical care then I have their parents permission to take them to the doctors or hospital in an emergency or with their written permission I am able to take the children to routine appointments. Article 29 You have the right to education which develops your personality, respect for others rights and the environment All children in my setting are taught appropriate to their age and stage of development. I use all the information I have gathered to provide a challenging and enjoyable experience across all the areas of learning and development, which allows each individual child to develop to their full potential. Article 30 If you come from a minority group you have the right to enjoy your own culture, practice your own religion and use your own language We all learn about each others cultures, religion and languages by the games that we play, books that we read, resources that we play with. We find out about different festivals and celebrations during the year eg Halloween, Christmas, Easter, Hanukkah, World Religion Day, Chinese New Year and many others. By getting to know all the children and their families I can meet the cultural needs for everyone and make sure that all the children feel valued. Article 31 You have the right to play and relax by doings things like sport, music and drama The children a Policies for the Promotion of Child Rights Policies for the Promotion of Child Rights IDENTIFY ONE PIECE OF LEGISLATION, WHICH PROMOTES THE CHILDRENS RIGHTS IN YOUR SETTING One piece of legislation that promotes the childrens rights in my setting is the Data Protection Act 1998. This legislation gives everyone the right to know what information is held about them and it provides a framework to ensure that personal information is handled properly. One of its purposes is to safeguard the fundamental rights of individuals. The Act works in two ways, firstly it states that anyone who processes personal information must follow the eight principles below to make sure that the personal information is: Fairly and lawfully processed Processed for limited purposes Adequate, relevant and not excessive Accurate and up to date Not kept for longer than is necessary Processed in line with your rights Secure Not transferred to other countries without adequate protection Secondly, the Act provides everyone with important rights; these include the right to find out what personal information is held about them on computers and most paper records. It also gives the individual the right to complain if they are denied access to their personal information or feel that their information has not be handled according to the eight principles I have stated above. The Data Protection Act 1998 affects the way I run my setting. I have to ensure that: Any personal information I have is kept confidential and stored in a locked filing cabinet and I only can access it. I am careful when discussing with parents anything confidential that no-one is around to overhear our conversation, including in person or on the telephone All personal information I hold is relevant to my setting and is kept up to date I do not keep any information longer than necessary No data that I hold can be used or passed onto other parties without written consent from the parent Parents have the right to request access to my records at any time, but they can only see the information held about themselves and their children My confidentiality policy covers the above please see Appendix 1 Every organisation that processes personal information must notify the Information Commissioners Office (ICO) unless they are exempt; failure to notify is a criminal offence. I am exempt because no personal information I keep is stored on a computer. The only information I store on the computer is my accounts. If you had to notify they have now made changes to the notification fee structure that came into effect on 1st October 2009, it is now a tiered fee structure to reflect the costs of the ICO regulating data controllers of different sizes. DESCRIBE THE ROLE OF PRACTITIONER IN MEETING THE INDIVIDUAL NEEDS OF ALL CHILDREN It is important that the practitioner meets the individual needs of all the children. To do this the practitioner first needs to know what the childrens individual needs are and this can be found out by talking to the parents and getting them to fill in My Special Book, any observations that you carry out, any other professionals involved with the child and liaising with any other settings that the child attends. If the child is old enough they may also be able to tell you. It is important to speak to the parents regularly and keep updated in any changes to the childrens interests and needs or home life. The ways that I use are: Email an effective way to send a quick message, but some parents may not have access to a computer. Newsletters can be a great way to keep parents informed of some of the activities the children have been doing; events and festivals planned; holiday dates and any other information the practitioner wants to tell the parents. Letters to the Parents if there are things you need to inform them of privately a letter would be best. In addition, the parents may have a hearing impairment and may not be able to use another form of communication. Telephone conversation this is best done at the end of the day when the practitioner and the parents have uninterrupted time to discuss things. You will need to make sure who can overhear the conversation so that you can maintain confidentiality. Face-to-Face you can arrange a meeting on neutral territory to discuss any concerns but again you need to maintain confidentiality and make sure you are not overheard. Daily diary keeping the parents informed of the activities the child has done during the day, along with sleep times, healthy food, snacks and drinks, nappy changes and any other information the parents need to know. The parents can also add anything to the diary that has happened at home that you need to know e.g. any accidents, broken nights sleep, teething, whether they have had breakfast etc. Text the quickest way to communicate, it can also be invaluable to someone with a hearing impairment. Most people nowadays have a mobile phone. It is also important to find out and respect the views of all the children to make them feel valued and not ignored this in turn promotes their self-esteem. I talk to the children about what interests them and what they think of things. We often play games that allow the children to air their views and opinions and I use this knowledge to enhance their learning and development. To be able to meet all the childrens needs you first need to understand what their rights are. There is a lot of legislation that promotes children rights but quite simply every child has a right to have their basic needs met for food, warmth and hygiene, but you also need to provide a nurturing environment where the children can rest, play and develop to their full potential. Maslows Hierarchy of needs is one of the best-known descriptions of needs. It identifies five basic needs and shows how higher needs are not considered until the lower level needs have been met. Self-actualisation (Achieving individual potential) Esteem (Self-esteem and esteem from others) Belonging (Love, affection, being a part of groups) Safety (Shelter, removal from danger) Physiological (Health, food, sleep) Diagram copied from Maslows Hierarchy at Changingminds.org It is important to know the difference between a want and a need. A Need is something that we cannot do without, like sleep, food and love. A Want is something that is desired at the time but is not essential and we can in fact do without. To make sure I meet all the childrens individual needs I take into consideration the ages of the children, their stage of development and abilities and whether they need to sleep or have quiet time when planning my daily routine, I make sure that I incorporate all their needs into my daily routine. The children need a daily routine to help them feel secure and they get to know what is happening next and this promotes their development. I adapt my routines depending on which children I have in the setting at the time. It is important that all the children are given a choice as much as possible, because this will help them as they grow and they need to be independent and make decisions for themselves. I give children a choice of snacks, they can choose from milk or water to drink and they can also decide for themselves what they would like to play with and with whom. It is my professional responsibility to: Safeguard and promote the welfare of all the children Make sure that people they come into contact with are suitable Ensure I have safe and suitable premises, environment and equipment Organise my setting so that every child receives an enjoyable and challenging learning and development experience that is tailored to their individual needs Maintain records, policies and procedures to ensure safe and efficient management of my setting and to meet the needs of the children Practice Guidance for the Early Years Foundation Stage (2007, pg 6) states, Practitioners should deliver personalised learning, development and care to help children to get the best possible start in life. DISCUSS HOW YOUR DAILY ROUTINES SUPPORT CHILDRENS WELL BEING I have a basic daily routine that includes school runs, child-initiated play, adult-led activities, sleep/quiet time, snack and meal times and home time. The children begin to learn the structure of the day and what comes next. The times of the routine is never set in stone and it allows us to experience spontaneous events like playing in the snow, or taking your lunch to the park on a nice sunny day. For example for snack time the children know that after the mornings child-initiated play we have snacks and they help to clear the table and lay out the plates and cups, which are kept in a low cupboard which the children can easily access independently and this promotes their self-esteem and confidence to help and do things for themselves and others. They know that they are to wash their hands before eating and I have a stool so they can reach the sink which enables their independence and they all sit at the table waiting for the snacks. They have a choice of drink milk or water and they can choose what they want to eat from the choice of snacks on the table. There is always a selection of seasonal fruit, a carbohydrate toast, crumpet or muffin and dairy hard or soft cheese. Allowing the children choice enables them to start the process of thinking for themselves and this gives them a skill that they will need in life. I also need to consider individual children cultures and religions when providing food as some food is not allowed. We also try and incorporate food from around the world and learn about the food from different countries. Snack time is also a social time where we all sit together including myself. We talk about anything and everything, they tell me about things at home or school, where they are going on holiday, what there siblings have been doing, their favourite toys etc. It is a great time to learn more about them and I can use this information to inform my planning according to their current interests. Afterwards the children help to tidy up and clear the table. School drop off and collection times are also very social times. We talk as we walk to school; we often play games like eye spy, count how many red cars we see and look out for various different items along the way to use in our craft work. It is a time when the children learn about their environment and the world we live in. We also talk about stranger danger; how to cross the road safely and why we must all walk together and not run off. Because we carry out the same basic routine everyday the children feel safe and secure in my setting and know what happens next. A good routine develops their self-esteem and promotes independence, allows them to learn about their health by knowing when they have to wash their hands and allows the children to socialise and make healthy choices. The Importance of Routines Helping Children grow, feel secure and flourish states, Children need and crave routine. Routine helps establish security and peace in a childs life. DISCUSS HOW YOUR DAILY ROUTINES COULD MEET THE DEVELOPMENTAL NEEDS OF PRE-SCHOOL AND SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN IN YOUR HOME BASED SETTING My daily routines meet the developmental needs of all the children in my care because I adapt depending on the age and stage of development of the children in attendance each day. The school-aged children are not here for morning snacks but we have snacks when we return from the afternoon school run. The older children know that when we get home to wash their hands and they help to set the table, the younger children see what the older children do and try to copy them. As I said before all the children plates, cups and cutlery are kept in a low cupboard which the children can easily access independently. The older children enjoy showing the younger ones what needs to be done to prepare for snacks and the older children gain self-esteem and self-confidence is being able to do things independtly for themselves and others. The younger children like to learn from the older children and this boots their self-confidence is learning to helkp others. Snack time is a time where we all talk about our day and share what we have been doing and what we enjoyed or disliked. School drop off and collection time can be a time of learning, as I said above we play different kinds of games. We also collect leaves and other items to use in our creative work later eg leaves, sticks, do some bark rubbings. We often include a trip to the playground on the way home from school, the younger children benefit from getting fresh air and observing from the comfort of the pushchair and watching the older children. The older children benefit from having the opportunity to run around in a great big space and practice their gross motor skills on the large play equipment. DISCUSS HOW YOU PROMOTE CHILDRENS SAFETY Promoting childrens safety is paramount. I ensure the childrens safety by providing a secure and welcoming environment and I take proper precautions to prevent accidents by carrying out daily risk assessments of my home and garden and any outings that we may go on. I also comply with my Local Safeguarding Children Boards procedures to ensure the safety and welfare of the children in my care. I have a thorough knowledge and understanding of the signs of possible abuse and neglect. Please see my Safeguarding Children Policy (Appendix ) and my Health and Safety Policy (Appendix ). I hold a current Early Years First Aid for Children and Adults certificate and Emergency Life Support for Adults certificate and have completed Safeguarding Children and Health, Hygiene and Safety Awareness training courses. I ensure that I am up to date with my knowledge by attending regular training throughout the year. I also have house rules, which the children know and follow these include taking off their shoes when indoors, sitting at the table or in a highchair to eat and drink, respecting the furniture, toys and each other. The rules are basic but are there to protect the children. The house rules are displayed at all times in pictures and words for the children to refer to. I make sure that all equipment and resources I provide are age and stage appropriate and that they are safe and clean. They are checked daily before and after use. Children are also taught how to safely use the equipment eg how to hold and use scissors. I use activities to help the children to learn about safety and we talk about how accidents can happen and how to prevent them. If an accident does happen I keep full records including details of the child/children involved, the treatment I provide and parents are given a carbon copy of this information, they also sign to confirm they have been told what happened. My premises are secure at all times: the front door is kept locked and the key is kept on a high shelf so only the adults can reach it. My back garden has a 6ft fence on three sides with no gate. The children are only collected by authorised adults or if it is necessary for someone else to collect them we use a password provided by the parents and they notify me in advance if this is going to happen. All the children are taught about road safety according to their age and developmental stage. With the older children, we talk about stranger danger and how they can keep themselves safe from people they do not know. The children know what to do if there is a fire by regularly practising fire drills and they know why it is important to follow what they have learnt. Please see my Emergency Evacuation Procedure (Appendix ) The children know to tidy up their toys to keep the playroom safe and free from hazards and we do this in a fun way so to maintain the childrens interest and their continued participation in learning to how to keep safe. I check the identify of visitors and keep accurate records of when and why visitors are here and I also record when my two assistants are on the premises. Myself and my assistants (Husband and Mother) have all had enhanced CRB checks, ensuring our suitability to look after the Children. The Children feel safe whilst they are in my care because they know that I will listen to any concerns they may have and respond to them appropriately. The parents know that I operate clear child safety procedures and they have copies of all my policies and permission forms. I make sure that I am a good role model for the Children at all times and I provide a good balance in promoting childrens freedom to explore and play whilst learning and developing and ensuring that they are safe. Children need to have the opportunity to take risks and to make mistakes but within safe limits, that way they learn to be alert to potential danger and how to keep themselves safe. Ofsted Early Years Safe and Sound (2006, pg 9) states, Children should have the freedom to make discoveries and enjoy experiences within safe limits, while learning how to protect themselves from harm. IDENTIFY STRATEGIES FOR COMMUNICATING WITH CHILDREN There are many ways that you can communicate with children but it is important to remember that children are still learning and developing so you need to communicate with them on their own level according to their age and interests. It is imperative to use vocabulary that the children understand eg they may not understand uncomfortable but may know what you mean when you say feeling funny. You also need to use a calm tone and body language that will not send mixed messages. You also need to be aware of children whose mother tongue is not English and that they will find it harder to communicate in English to begin with. Some children may have speech impairment or learning difficulties and this will make it harder for them to communicate effectively. It is also important to be patient and give the children time to respond to your questions. Communicating Effectively with Children states, By paying attention to and communicating regularly with children, you can help children create a vi ew of themselves and the world that is positive and healthy. Use the Childs name first this will get their attention and they are more likely to listen to you. Eye contact shows respect and allows you to gauge how much of the conservation is being understood. Calm tone children are sensitive to anger and do not like raised voices because they can focus solely on the fact that your voice is raised and they may be in trouble, rather than what you are saying. Thumbs up is a simple and easy way of showing approval. Body language avoid all confusion and communicate your message consistently through both words and actions, be aware that different cultures use and interpret body language in different ways. Listening and showing an interest a very important part of communication because if you do not listen and appear interested then it is just a one-way conversation and the child will not feel valued. Non-verbal communication Be aware that some children do not communicate verbally, and that it is important to adapt styles of communication to their needs and abilities eg sign language, lip reading etc. Questioning use open-ended questions to check understanding and acknowledge that they have heard what is being said. Speak slowly and clearly the child may have a hearing impairment and will need you to speak slowly and clearly, so they can understand you, also be aware of the level of background noise. Painting This may seem a strange way but children can communicate their feelings through creativity and may talk to you whilst they are painting without thinking about it. Picture books I am in the process of taking pictures of all my resources and making books that the children can look through and decide what activities they want to do. This is a great way to communicate their needs without being able to speak. Picture cards Can be used for asking children basic things like milk or water to drink. If you have children who use English as a second language then you can make/use picture cards to ask them things in their own language but also have the English word along with the picture and their mother language so they learn new words as they progress. DISCUSS ONE FACTOR THAT AFFECTS CHILDRENS BEHAVIOUR There are many factors that can affect childrens behaviour but I am going to focus on divorce. Any change in a Childs home life will have an effect on their behaviour but when one parent moves out it can be distressing for the child, as they may not know what has happened or when they will see that parent again. It is important for us as practitioners to listen to any concerns that the child has and respond to them according to their age and stage of development. You need to find a way to help them understand appropriate to their level of understanding. A pre-school child may show regressive behaviour. This means that the child may return to an earlier stage of development and, for example, start to wet themselves again. A pre-school child may become confused, irritable or worried. Children between six and nine are very vulnerable. At this age, a child is still not mature enough to understand what is going on, but is old enough to understand that something very unpleasant is taking place. They still depend very much on their parents and will have a hard time talking about their emotions. They may react with anger, or by not concentrating or making progress at school or by having learning difficulties. Children between 9 and 13 may have started having important relationships with other people besides their parents and family. When their parents divorce, it will often be good for a child to talk to someone outside the family about their problems and feelings. All Children can become very insecure. Insecurity can cause children to behave as if they are much younger and therefore bedwetting, clinginess, nightmares, worries or disobedience can all occur. This behaviour often happens before or after visits to the parent who is living apart from the family. Teenagers may show their distress by misbehaving or withdrawing into themselves. They may find it difficult to concentrate at school. It is normal for a child to feel lost, upset, angry and grieve for the family they once were. A child who does not show any feelings or reactions needs help to express what is going on inside. Otherwise, they are very likely to suffer depression and other problems later. Helping Children adjust to Divorce states, Children whose parents divorce are at greater risk for problems such as aggression, depression, lower self-esteem and poorer school performance. Children can express themselves in other ways than with words. Play is very important. You can play with the child and let them act out their feelings using role-play and puppets. Children may need to work off tension through energetic games; you can spend some time at the park or go to an indoor play centre. Drawing may help some children as they often draw things that are important to them. You can ask about the drawings and this can be a good way to start the child talking about what is going on inside, especially if they are not the type of child to talk openly. The child still needs to have established routines in their lives and whilst things are changing at home you can continue with your normal routine and this will give the child some stability and comfort during all the other changes, they feel more safe and secure when they know what to expect next. DESCRIBE STRATEGIES FOR CHALLENGING PREJUDICE AND DISCRIMINATION WHEN WORKING WITH CHILDREN AND FAMILIES I operate an inclusive Childminding setting, where all children are welcome regardless of their race, religion, culture, sex, ability or disability, social background etc. I encourage the children to value everyone as a unique individual, to respect each others differences, and to learn from each other. Centre for Studies on Inclusive Education states, inclusion is founded upon a moral position which values and respects every individual and which welcomes diversity as a rich learning resource. I always challenge any instances of prejudice, unfair discrimination and harassment whether it is a comment a child has made or a parent. I will explain to the child or parent why what they have said is wrong and how their words have hurt another person. I make sure that I am a good role model for the children. Please see my Equal Opportunities Policy (Appendix ). I have toys and resources that show different cultures from around the world and people with different types of disabilities/impairments. We also recognize different festivals and religious occasions from a variety of religions worldwide to give the children a greater understanding of the World around them. I invite the parents to come and take part in story/singing time to enable the children to hear different languages, and stories from around the World. For example, if a Child called another person four-eyes because they wear glasses, I would explain to the Child how they have hurt that persons feelings and that they have to wear glasses because they help then to see as their eyes dont work as well as their eyes. I would also ask the Child how they would feel if someone had called them names. I would encourage the Child to say sorry (depending on their age and level of understanding). Another example is a child is a wheelchair and another child telling them that they cant join in and play with them at the sand and water table because they are in a wheelchair. I would explain to the child that yes they can join in we just need to adapt the position of the tray so that the wheelchair can fit around it and everyone can enjoy the same activity. If I have any children with additional needs in my setting I always talk to all the children about their impairments or disabilities (using the correct medical name) as it provides me with an opportunity to teach basic information about our bodies, health and possible illnesses. It also helps to get rid of any fears about disabilities and helps to influence childrens attitudes in a positive way. I make sure that I am a positive role model for the children and I update my knowledge regularly. I have just completed deaf awareness training and I am booked on other awareness courses. EXPLAIN HOW TO IMPLEMENT CHILDRENS RIGHTS IN THE HOME BASED SETTING I have explained in E2 my role in meeting the individual needs of the children and now I will explain how I implement the childrens rights in my setting. I make sure that I keep my knowledge of childrens rights updated through regular training courses and research through the library or internet. Childrens rights are about the obligations of all adults to protect the best interests of children, and to create the conditions under which they can develop and thrive. Childrens rights are embedded in my policies and I offer resources and activities to ensure that the children can learn about their rights for example we have an activity on diversity where the children look at pictures of children from around the world and we discuss our similarities and our differences and what they would like. Please see my Diversity Activity Planning sheet (Appendix ) I have used some of the Articles of the United Nations Convention on Rights of the Child to show how I implement childrens rights into my setting: Article 1 Everyone under 18 has these rights I ensure that all children in my setting know what their rights are. I use age appropriate resources such as games that we play, books that we read and just talking to each other. Article 2 You have the right to protection against discrimination All children are treated with equal concern and learn to treat each other with respect through the activities I provide eg. Learning about each others differences in a positive way, respecting each others cultures. Article 3 Adults should do whats best for you Everything that I do in my setting is always in the best interests of the child. I always take into consideration their views, feelings and rights when carrying out day to day activities. Article 7 You have the right to have a name and a nationality On the wall in the playroom we have pictures of everyone that attends the setting with their name underneath, so that we can easily learn each others names. We learn about each others nationality through stories and visits to the library and in the food we eat. Article 11 You should not be kidnapped I make sure that all the children are safe and secure in my care whether we are at home or out and about. The children know to stay close to me and not run off or talk to strangers. I never release a child into the care of someone that I dont know unless a parent has authorized it in times of emergency and we always use a password system. Article 12 You have the right to an opinion and for it to be listened to and taken seriously The children know that I will always listen to their opionions and take them seriously. We always discuss as a group and listen to each other. Article 19 You have the right to be protected from being hurt or badly treated I know the signs and symptoms of abuse and what to do if I am concerened about one of the children. The children know that they can talk to me about anything at anytime. Article 23 If you are disabled, either mentally or physically, you have the right to special care and education I run an inclusive setting and the children in my care am treated with equal concern with individual needs regardless of any disablilites. It is important to treat each child as an individual and not label them by their impairment or condition. Article 24 You have the right to the best health possible and to medical care and information I provide home cooked healthy meals and snacks to all children, including healthy drinks (milk and water). If I feel a child needs medical care then I have their parents permission to take them to the doctors or hospital in an emergency or with their written permission I am able to take the children to routine appointments. Article 29 You have the right to education which develops your personality, respect for others rights and the environment All children in my setting are taught appropriate to their age and stage of development. I use all the information I have gathered to provide a challenging and enjoyable experience across all the areas of learning and development, which allows each individual child to develop to their full potential. Article 30 If you come from a minority group you have the right to enjoy your own culture, practice your own religion and use your own language We all learn about each others cultures, religion and languages by the games that we play, books that we read, resources that we play with. We find out about different festivals and celebrations during the year eg Halloween, Christmas, Easter, Hanukkah, World Religion Day, Chinese New Year and many others. By getting to know all the children and their families I can meet the cultural needs for everyone and make sure that all the children feel valued. Article 31 You have the right to play and relax by doings things like sport, music and drama The children a